In the eyes of many industry people, after a series of preparations and accumulations such as questioning, controversy, enlightenment, follow-up, trial and error, 2016 is regarded as the new first year of China's automobile intelligent interconnection development, including product form, business model and industrial trend. In many aspects, it will enter the stage of substantive development, from concept to landing.
Speed ​​up the pace. More and more vehicles will be connected in real time, access online services, contribute data content, and enjoy the derivative value generated by big data; based on common interests and mutual understanding, the automotive and Internet industries will find a basis for cross-border collaboration.
The shuffle is intensified. Internet-connected applications and services will tend to be user-oriented, gradually phasing out the chicken ribs, from the front-end of the OEM to the smart hardware startup; the first batch of Internet-built teams will finish their first life cycle, but then they will survive, but then Dead, the left is king.
On the occasion of the great changes, Che Yunyin visited many authoritative figures in the industry and summed up the top ten trends of China's automobile intelligent interconnection in 2016. I would like to make predictions.
Ten trends
1. Accelerated integration of industry ecology
All parties in the industrial chain, including car companies and Internet companies, will be more active in cross-border cooperation and integration. For the relatively conservative automobile manufacturers in the past, accelerating cooperation with Internet applications, finance, insurance, used cars, various price comparison service providers, and even certified offline service providers can actually help their interests to win.
2, data openness enhancement
Data openness is the basis for the emergence of a valuable business model in the Internet of Vehicles. At present, Internet companies and startups have always been open to data, while car companies that were originally considered to be open and conservative in data are not leaking or harming vehicles. Under the premise of security, if we can find a benign model of mining data, the attitude towards data will also be open.
3. New business models emerge
As applications increase and users accumulate, the business model of smart connected products will change, and even free models will emerge. Specifically, hardware, software, and service providers in the front-loading field provide products to car companies free of charge, and auto companies use open data to report; after-installation hardware is lower than cost sales, in order to obtain more users and generate data. It is a high probability event.
4, the second generation of car network opens
If navigation, call center and other products are called the first generation of car networking, then the second generation of car networking products based on active security, camera, radar, control, induction and other tight coupling will accelerate development. It is worth noting that in the excessive process of the Internet of Vehicles products, some chicken ribs that did not meet the user's in-car usage habits will be gradually eliminated.
5. Localization development and cooperation
Joint venture brands, luxury brands are more closely aligned with local car networking companies, and began to consider the product orientation of the Chinese market. For example, when foreign automakers are looking for TSP suppliers, they will prefer domestic suppliers that meet the standards, so that the overall product application and services are more suitable for Chinese users.
6. TSP infrastructure reconstruction
The depot car networking service has gradually changed from a single self-built mode to a hybrid cloud architecture of the car factory's own platform + private cloud + public cloud. From a certain perspective, the change of the TSP infrastructure is the inevitable result of the technical demand after the user's demand for the product changes, the openness of the data is enhanced, and the value of the business model is derived.
7, smart hardware gradually mature
With the addition of BAT and other big gold owners, the purchase cost of intelligent hardware users will be further shared, the product experience will be optimized, and more and more intelligent hardware categories will enter the host factory system. On the other hand, the rear-mounted smart hardware has the coverage advantage that the pre-installed products do not have, so all parties will gradually improve the products in order to cover the users and obtain data.
8, user needs to wake up further
On the one hand, with the popularization of the pre-market education work and the improvement of product power, more and more users will have an interest in smart connected products; on the other hand, with the pre-installed and post-installed smart connected products gradually As we mature, user demand will be positively related to product strength.
9, the Internet car is facing shuffling
The first batch of Internet car-building teams will complete their first life cycle, but they will die, but only those with more funds and resources will survive. At present, capital and talent, R&D, and manufacturing are all strongly related. In the case of low orders in the early stage of enterprise development, resources directly determine the cooperative attitude of all parties in the supply chain.
10. National policy and strategic support
Policy support will include both technical standards development and infrastructure development. At present, in addition to the introduction of the relevant standards for vehicle networking in the Informatization Service Industry Alliance (TIAA), from the national level, the Ministry of Transport is working on the development of relevant standards, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is also planning to launch the development plan for the Internet of Vehicles.
What is Car Ethernet
Car Ethernet is a new local area network technology that uses Ethernet to connect the electronic unit in the car. Unlike traditional Ethernet, which uses 4 unshielded twisted pair cables, car Ethernet can achieve a transmission rate of 100Mbit/s or even 1Gbit/s on a single pair of unshielded twisted pair cables. At the same time, it also meets the requirements of the automotive industry for high reliability, low electromagnetic radiation, low power consumption, bandwidth allocation, low latency and synchronous real-time. The physical layer of on-board Ethernet uses BroadRReach technology, and BroadR-Reach's physical layer (PHY) technology has been standardized by the One-pair Ethernet Alliance (OPEN). Therefore, it is sometimes called Broad RReach (BRR) or OABR (Open Alliance BroadR-Reach). The MAC layer of vehicle Ethernet adopts the IEEE 802.3 interface standard and seamlessly supports widely used high-level network protocols (such as TCP/IP) without any adaptation.
On-board Ethernet protocol architecture
Vehicle-borne Ethernet and its supported upper-layer protocol architecture are shown in Figure 1. Vehicle-borne Ethernet mainly involves OSI layer 1 and Layer 2 technologies, while vehicle-borne Ethernet also supports AVB, TCP/IP, DOIP, SOME/IP and other protocols or application forms.
On-board Ethernet framework
Among them, AVB is an extension of traditional Ethernet functions, which enhances the real-time performance of traditional Ethernet audio and video transmission by adding precise clock synchronization, bandwidth reservation and other protocols, and is a network audio and video real-time transmission technology with great development potential. SOME/IP (Scalable Service-Oriented MiddlewarE on IP) specifies the video communication interface requirements for vehicle camera applications, which can be applied to the field of vehicle cameras, and realizes the mode control of driver assistance cameras through apis.
As an extension of AVB protocol, Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) introduces related technologies of time-triggered Ethernet, which can efficiently realize the transmission of automotive control information. In addition, the on-board Ethernet of the 1Gbit communication standard also supports Power Over Ethernet (POE) function and Energy-Efficient Ethernet (EEE) function. The POE function provides power for connected terminal devices while transmitting data through twisted pair cables, eliminating the need to connect external power cables to terminals and reducing the complexity of power supply.
On-board Ethernet standardization
In terms of in-vehicle Ethernet standardization, the IEEE802.3 and IEEE802.1 working groups, AUTOSAR, the OPEN Alliance and the AVnu Alliance have played a major role in promoting it.
The IEEE802.3 local area network standard represents the mainstream Ethernet standard in the industry, and the on-board Ethernet technology is developed on the basis of IEEE802.3, so the IEEE is currently the most important international standardization body for on-board Ethernet. In order to meet the requirements of the car, it involves the development of a number of new specifications and the revision of the original specifications within the two working groups of IEEE802 and 802.1, including PHY specifications, AVB specifications, and single-wire to data line power supply. In addition, AVB related to AV transmission, timing synchronization and other specifications also need to be standardized by other technical committees of IEEE, such as IEEE1722 and IEEE1588.
OPEN Alliance
The OPEN Industry Alliance was launched in November 2011 by Broadcom, NXP, and BMW to promote the application of Ethernet-based technology standards to in-car connectivity. The main standardization goal is to develop a 100Mbit/s BroadR-R physical layer standard and develop OPEN interoperability requirements.
AUTOSAR
AUTOSAR is a consortium of automotive manufacturers, suppliers, and tool developers that aims to develop an open, standardized automotive software architecture, and the AUTOSAR specification already includes the automotive TCP/UDP/IP protocol stack.
AVnu
The AVnu Alliance was formed by Broadcom in collaboration with Cisco, Harman and Intel to promote the IEEE 802.1 AVB standard and the Time Synchronization Network (TSN) standard, establish a certification system, and address important technical and performance issues such as precise timing, real-time synchronization, bandwidth reservation, and traffic shaping.
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