Thoughts on several issues in file management during the coexistence of paper files and electronic files Su Xiaoxuan Department of History, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 36 The physical form of Quanduquan is stored and propagated as a medium. If paper is used as the storage medium. They all have the effect of spreading the archival information across time and space boundaries, such as occupying a long distance. Qing Shi Bu Ming This is the image of the traditional archival media that is still spreading and communicating in the vertical direction. It reflects that thousands of miles away, the prosperity of imitation resources is constructed with modern digital data technology and computer communication technology. This is the tenon-to-information communication function of modern archival storage media. With the application of modern science and technology, the storage method of archival information constantly changes. Storage of paper files and electronic files recorded in digital code sequence. With the penetration and application of electronic computers in all aspects of file management, it is always impacting the paper archives characterized by traditional recording methods, which has caused profound changes in the entire file management work. According to the current status of file management in China, paper quality The different attributes and characteristics of archives and electronic archives are interdependent and compatible. The coordinated development will continue for a long period of time in archive management. In the period of coexistence of paper archives and electronic archives, how to manage archives scientifically and effectively and complete the transition from manual archives management to modern archives management is an in-depth thinking course for archivists. From this perspective, this article makes a preliminary discussion and research.
Complementary strengths Coexistence of paper archives and electronic archives Objectivity of development of paper archives as paper media and electronic archives with new carrier materials as media, is a traditional and modern symbol of archive information storage. The former takes its strong vitality as an archive The main storage medium of information still exercises its historical mission and is widely recognized by archivists; the latter is the symbol of archive modernization, the rules for the application and storage of electronic computers in archive management, and the corresponding management strategies for reconciling and recording and improving Logarithmic mode. Promote the development of multiple archive management, with a fixed guiding role.
Since the invention of papermaking by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty in 105 AD, paper, a traditional archival medium, has been used by people as a main information carrier. Compared with electronic archives, paper archives have their inherent attribute information and carrier dependence. Archives are the true records of human social activities. This not only summarizes the value of archives as original information, but also contains the material form of the archives themselves. The paper archive has a long history, it carries information and has undergone historical changes with its carrier. The creation and continuation of archives, in essence, belong to a kind of social phenomenon. It exists on paper in a fixed material form, constitutes the unity of archive information and carriers, and becomes an important information resource in society. Because of the information and carrier 4 in paper archives, female, Liaoning Beining Xian, contacted Liaoning University. Historical Society, 3 cases, and research on modern history.
The characteristics of dependence form the original recordability of the unique attributes of paper archives. This original recordability is not only reflected in the original authenticity of the information content of the archives, but also the original dependence of the archive storage media. The original credibility of the file information.
Paper archives have the characteristics of original information. This feature and its carrier constitute the unique role of paper archives. The role of the certificate of paper archives is determined by the characteristics of its formation and its own characteristics. Judging from the process and results of its formation, the paper archive was directly transformed from the documents used at that time. It objectively records the historical situation in the past and has a convincing original certificate function; it is dependent on the archive information The physical form, that is, the carrier for recording information is a physical material produced by a specific responsible person under specific conditions, from the manufactured material to various notes on the file, such as the signature of a specific text with legal effect Seals, etc., all reflect the original authenticity of the archives. The effectiveness of the original certificate of paper files is an unmatched advantage of electronic files. The durability of information storage media. For a long time, the archival community has directly used paper as the dominant storage medium for archival information. This is because it has been proved by practice that the paper has strong durability.
When the National Archives of the United States conducted research on the 3 billion pages of paper files in dangerous condition and determined their protection measures, dozens of experts demonstrated the five common media magnetic materials, optical discs, electronic documents, paper films, and finally concluded that paper films are the most Suitable for long-term preservation of archives and documents. The main material of paper is cellulose, which has strong durability. Although cellulose may undergo hydrolysis and oxidation under certain conditions such as high temperature and high humidity oxidase oxidants, etc., as long as we pay attention to excluding chemical reactions The required conditions can extend the life of paper files to hundreds of years or even longer.
Especially with the deepening of archival paper research, in recent years, a kind of durable paper specially designed for archival paper has been developed. It uses good-quality archival paper to refer to the deceased cases formed by computer technology and stored on a specific medium in the form of code It is the product of the application of electronic computers in archive management, and is also a significant symbol of archive modernization. Electronic archives, with its modernized means, have unparalleled advantages over paper archives in the storage, output and processing of archive information, and are increasingly attracting attention in the archives industry. Archive information storage richness. The storage media of electronic archive information mainly includes magnetic disks, tapes and discs, especially optical discs. Due to the high density of information storage, the archive information storage capacity is extremely rich, known as mass storage, which is much higher than the information stored on paper carriers, such as Zhang Zhi 0 River CD can store about 300,000 pages of paper files, which not only saves a lot of space occupied by saving paper files, but also simplifies various file management links. With the development of science and technology, the density of electronic archive storage media will continue to increase, and the amount of information storage will be more abundant. The combination of multimedia information makes the file information vivid and vivid. Due to the application of multimedia electronic computers, the information forms of electronic archives have also diversified. Electronic archives use audio and video signals or digital code to store the original form of things information, vividly reproduce the historical activity status, thus changing the unitary nature of the information recorded in paper archives. The application of multimedia technology makes the reflected information texts, images and sounds coexist and holographically reproduces the overview of human social activities. Rapid accuracy of information storage and utilization. The electronic accounting machine can be used for high-efficiency letter office. It greets the number or code. The digital encoding of the double interest enters the hall for storage, editing and processing, and is converted into visual and audible information by the computer, thereby improving the ability of storage and processing of archive information in the development of archive information. Synchronous dissemination of file information. The characteristics of electronic archives determine that the dissemination of archive information is not restricted by time and space, that is, by carrier transmission, and has the characteristics of sharing information resources. Because the processing environment of electronic archives is an electronic computer network, it can use any terminal device on the network to read the archive information stored on a certain device, so for its information acquirer, it can get rid of time and space. Restrictions, at the same time, different locations share file information.
Improving and improving the development strategy of archive management during the coexistence period Under the current archive management technology and management conditions, paper archives and electronic archives coexist in various fields of archives with their characteristics and functions, but only in some departments. The efficiency and speed of electronic file transmission and processing and development and utilization, as well as the intuitive and comprehensive features brought by the integration of various media, are unmatched by paper files. Therefore, from the perspective of modernization of archives management, the development and utilization of real resources should be used for the management of resources. Considerations such as improving work efficiency, manpower development, electronic payment, and the application of computer information technology in file management are very necessary. However, because electronic archives have their own insurmountable defects and management limitations, which directly affect the stability, reliability, authenticity and integrity of archives, these are all urgent issues that electronic archives need to solve. Compared with electronic files, paper files that rely on manual management have no advantages in carrying information and information processing, but their inherent original characteristics are superior to electronic files, such as the integration of content and carrier, and the unique characteristics of paper and attached materials. Stability gives people reason to believe that paper archives are still a true representation of human historical activities. Without fully grasping the evidence and long-term nature of electronic documents, it is not easy to abandon the traditional form of documents. This kind of stubbornness is a professional spirit. In view of the respective characteristics of paper files and electronic files, combined with the actual situation of China's current file management, in the next period, electronic files cannot completely replace paper files, and paper files should gradually transition to electrical files. Inevitable development trend. In this situation, some of the original management concepts and philanthropy. The method is no longer suitable for the management of electric power archives. In many links, it is necessary to adapt and adjust accordingly, and even to carry out revolutionary changes, these will bring deeper thinking to archivists.
Update ideas and improve professional quality. For a long time, archivists have been directly engaged in archival management using paper as a storage medium. Ding Zuo, accustomed to traditional methods and management models, faced with new technologies formed by modern technology, should have sufficient ideological preparation, update traditional management concepts, establish a modern management consciousness of archives, and put electronic archives As an indispensable part of the archives, scientific management is carried out. At the same time, facing the penetration and impact of modern science and technology on archival work, improving professional quality, and adjusting the professional knowledge structure are also important lessons that archivists need to address. With the application of modern information technology, new archive carriers will emerge, which will inevitably cause changes in the traditional archive management model, work focus, and service methods. It puts forward higher requirements for the quality of archival professionals. In addition to higher political qualities, it also puts forward corresponding requirements for their professional qualities and knowledge qualities. In the past, archival professionals must have a broad and solid foundation In addition to knowledge and knowledge of literature and history, computer knowledge and foreign language knowledge are also required. Computer knowledge is not limited to mastering basic computer knowledge, but also should understand the knowledge of computer information management and development and utilization, and should be familiar with the application of mastering computers in various business links of archives. With the rapid development of science and technology, information technology is constantly updated and developed in archival work. The professional quality of archival professionals should also be improved and improved in time, and their knowledge can be enriched and adjusted at any time to adapt to the modern archive management. Development, on the basis of completing the work of this post, should also strengthen the scientific research work of archival professionals, improve their innovation ability, and establish a new image of high-quality archival professionals.
Improve the standards and systems for creating archives management. The application of the new file carrier and the intelligent management of the computer will inevitably require the standards of the information it processes. The quality of the archives information system depends on the quality of the data, which requires the establishment of data format standards, such as the archive description rules when promulgated, 83792.585 main document indexing rules, 6326083, etc., new carriers, after the case is widely used. Establish a standard for improving the management of business with sufficient urgency and tolerance, such as unified standards. Bibliographic standards, indexing rules, standards, etc .; computer database setting standards, new archive information carrier storage formats and conversion standards, computer hardware equipment, multimedia equipment standards, etc., all need to be improved and improved; due to the long-term use of paper archives, people are working In practice, gradually explore and form a complete set of scientific management archives experience and theory, and create a more complete system of paper archives management methods. When the new carrier archives appeared, the entire archive community seemed a little caught off guard. The establishment of a management system and regulations suitable for the new carrier file has mentioned the agenda, such as the development of a new carrier file management system, including the electronic file filing, sorting, identification, storage, and utilization; due to certain defects in the electronic file itself, the electronic file ’s The authenticity and its legal status also need to be established to maintain and determine the corresponding regulations.
Improvement and adjustment of archive storage facilities. Whether it is a paper file or an electronic file, they all exist in a fixed material form, and they need to have corresponding storage conditions and facilities to maintain their integrity and safety. The paper file is based on the file as the smallest paper file. The amount of interest is small, and there are many files formed. With the passage of time, the paper file will increase, which will undoubtedly add pressure to the warehouse. In the current file warehouse Under tension, this is undoubtedly an insurmountable contradiction. In contrast, electronic archives using new materials as a medium solve the above problems. The storage media used in electronic archives are mainly magnetic disks, tapes, and optical disks. They have a sense of egg ⒋ 娲 ⒅ gluttony, resentment of Yutao, 鳎, Yutang Qiangtan row of blankets, and squid. Density factory disk. The storage capacity of a 5-inch light, about 14,000 copies of 4 manuscripts, 34,000 pages, the application of the total compression technology, its storage capacity can be doubled. Due to the large amount of optical disc information storage, the space required for storage is small, as long as the storage requirements and conditions are met. It can be stored in the corresponding security equipment, which reduces the force of the room. And save a lot of money and manpower.
Absorb and innovate, explore and establish an electronic file management system. The management method and mode of paper archives with paper as a carrier have been proved to be feasible through long-term practice. These management methods and standards may be partially applicable in the process of electronic file formation and management, but quite a few are not applicable. Therefore, establishing electronic file management standards and establishing an electronic file management system are currently urgently to be resolved. Due to the particularity of electronic file formation and storage media, its management methods and specific requirements for editing, researching and providing 8 links, end, system, and management. The process is interlocking and closely connected, but the paper is paid for, and the entity of the case is carried out. , The formation and development of the Tenth Electricity Case, giving Guang Guangquan the work of melons. In order to have a profound impact, there will be major changes in the 5 ways of managing the content. First of all, in terms of management methods, many management links can be carried out on the computer. For example, the filing of electronic files can be completed by computer to machine copying, without the need to organize and appraise the transfer of the file carrier. Realized by computer. Secondly, in terms of management content, the collection of electronic archives should be based on the rules of its formation, and the system ’s authoritative electronic file combination should be carried out in a comprehensive manner to ensure the integrity of electronic archives. In addition, the software and hardware environment of the electronic computer, the basic format of the electronic file content and related metadata must be included in the collection scope; the collation of electronic files is no longer the compilation of paper files, but through the description of electronic files and It is easy to complete the electronic file without leaving traces, so identifying the authenticity of the file is the focus of the electronic file identification work, and there are considerable difficulties; electric jfimn, mimirj; mmMir, mwmjxjMLmhmpwm.Hwi storage media is different. Due to the different storage media, the standard conditions for file protection are also different, and the protection facilities provided by the protection equipment are also different; the provision and use of electronic files are faster and more convenient than paper files, but they need to be The prerequisites and corresponding measures are prerequisites. The provision and utilization of electronic archives must have suitable electronic conversion equipment, so the focus of the provision and utilization should be the preparation of basic data of electronic archives and the establishment of identification documents to ensure that it is in Can be accurately recovered and easy to understand during use. Thirdly, in terms of management procedures, the management procedures of paper archives basically constitute a process work process, and the management procedures of electronic archives are not obvious. Because many links are operated on the machine, the connection of specific links is not close. Some management procedures may be carried out simultaneously and cross each other, which does not affect the overall management of electronic records.
Update and improvement of archive management theory. The creation and application of electronic archives not only affects the practice of archive management, but also influences the traditional theory of case management. When the study of management theory should take into account the impact of new technology on the work of case management Theoretical research and discussion, creating new theoretical doctrines, enriching and perfecting the theory of file management, the specific research content and research, the direction can be started with a child 77 and the identification and interpretation of the concept of electric archives. The appearance and development of the modern science and technology of the Electric Power Archives, its emergence and development have added new members to the archives category, and also proposed new research contents for the archives research, such as the definition attributes of electronic archives and the status characteristics of related electronic archives. The types of sources, etc. are all research areas, the study of the laws and regulations of electronic files. Due to the existing problems of electronic archives that cannot be overcome at present, such as the authenticity and credibility of electronic archives, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive legal system to protect them. At the same time, in the management and use of electronic archives, corresponding regulations should be formulated to implement scientific and effective Management. Research on the content of electronic file management. Electronic archives are obviously different from paper archives in the storage method of the use method of their formation process, so the management methods are also different. For the management of electronic archives, the management method of paper archives cannot be copied, and a complete set of electronic archives management method technology and standards should be established. This is a very difficult research class = 3 outside. During the merger period. The question of the compound management of electronic files and paper files cannot be ignored. Research on electronic archives and basic theory. In the entire archive management theory, some theories have been widely recognized and implemented. For example, the whole theory, this theory occupies an important position in the archive management of various countries in the world. It is the theoretical cornerstone of archive entity management and the entire archive management. The important management principle of work has become a characteristic theory of archive management. However, the commonality of sources emphasized by the core source principle in the total theory is questioned during the management of electronic archives. Because electronic computer information systems have surpassed the boundaries of traditional organizations and changed the concept of single source, and the principle of source is determined by this limit, the concept and limitation of the source of electronic archives need to be re-examined and discussed. The emergence of electronic archives has brought shock and impact to the original archive management theory, and also proposed new courses for archive theory research, in-depth research, development and innovation. This is a new research direction for archive theorists.
The application and development of new information technology in archives work brings new vitality and vitality to archives work, and at the same time it brings new thinking to archives management. We can form such a consensus that the development of modern information technology, new carrier archives will inevitably replace traditional forms of paper archives, this is the basic trend of the future development of archive management work, but this trend is affected and hindered by various factors, in electronic Archives have not completely overcome their own shortcomings. When paper archives have no conditions to fully adapt to modern management methods, they must go through the process of coexistence and development. In this period, how to deal with and coordinate the interdependence and common development of electronic files and paper files, in-depth study and discussion of new strategies and methods of file management during the coexistence period, this is the historical responsibility given to archivists by the times.
The Innovation of Archives Protection Technology System in the 21st Century Zhao Shumei Department of History, Liaoning University. Since the second half of the 20th century, Shenyang 0036, Liaoning, science and technology have developed at an unprecedented rate. New technologies, advanced technologies, cutting-edge technologies, high technology, and other terms that describe the development of technology have been constantly refreshed, especially the computer-centric information technology. It is developing in a manner that comprehensively changes the way of human survival and social appearance, so the archive protection technology that is closely related to it and maintains the integrity and safety of human information for a long time is bound to face the challenge of updating and reforming, and this change is just like the Canadian archives. Scholar Terry. Cook pointed out that the reform facing the information industry is indeed such a complete revolution, rather than a technical tone. 9. Therefore, the innovation faced by the file protection technology is also the entire system, not the local adjustment and repair in the traditional technical system, specifically The transformation of the protection technology system can be reflected in the following aspects.
The manuscript received by the factory is dated 2000820. About the author Zhao Shumei 1964, female, lecturer of the Department of History of Liaoning University, Shanxi Datong, master of history, engaged in the research of archive protection technology
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