In recent years, two major factors have driven the rapid growth of China's industrial robot market:
One is the lack of supply of low-end labor. After 80 and 90, it has become the main force of the current labor market. Compared with 60 and 70, they have more demands. One of the significant changes is that fewer and fewer people are willing to engage in low wages, monotonous repetition and heavy environment. Work has led to a shortage of low-end labor supply. This phenomenon of “labor shortage†is particularly evident in coastal areas at the end of the year. Employers are increasingly inclined to use robots instead of labor to engage in such jobs.
The second is the continuous improvement of the industrial economy of industrial robots. On the one hand, labor wages have risen across the board. Since the reform and opening up, the average annual wage of urban employed people in China has basically maintained a double-digit growth rate. By 2010, it has exceeded 5,000 US dollars, and due to the shortage of low-end labor supply, the wage increase of migrant workers has been faster than that of urban workers in recent years. On the other hand, the price of the robot body is declining. The decline in robot prices is not only an international trend, but also because major international giants have set up assembly lines in China, reducing the cost and price of the body.
The Chinese government's support policies for industrial robots are no less than those of Japan and South Korea. Today, local companies have gained 25% market share, even though the number of industrial robots on the market is more than 100,000 yuan to millions of yuan. However, the number of industrial robot installations has doubled, and it is expected that China's robot application scale will rank first in the world in 3-4 years.
I. Scale of international industrial robot market development
The international industrial robot market began to recover in 2010. Globally, due to the financial crisis, industrial robots in operation in 2009 fell by 0.5% compared to 2008. In 2010, the number of newly installed industrial robots in the world gradually approached the peak of 2005-2008, and a total of 118,000 industrial robots were supplied, which means that the global sales of industrial robots almost doubled compared with the 2009 recession. . In 2011, the world's industrial robot sales volume was 165,000 units, an increase of 37% over 2010. In 2011, sales volume reached a record high. In 2012, the sales volume of industrial robots exceeded 160,000, which was basically the same as in 2011. In 2013, the global sales of industrial robots reached 178,100 units, an increase of 11.8%.
In 2014, driven by the demand of the automotive and electronics industries in China and South Korea, the global sales of industrial robots reached 225,000 units in 2014, a year-on-year increase of 27%, with sales in Asia accounting for about two-thirds. According to IFR data, the current global robot trading volume is 9.5 billion US dollars (about 59 billion yuan). As the largest market in China, the sales volume of robots last year was about 56,000 units, an increase of 54%, of which 16,000 units were supplied by local suppliers, and the remaining were from foreign manufacturers such as ABB in Switzerland, KUKA in Germany and Yaskawa in Japan. In 2015, the global industrial robot growth rate is expected to be around 15%, with annual sales reaching 259,000 units.
The Chinese manufacturing industry has an average of 30 robots per 10,000 workers, and it is still affected by wage inflation. In 2014, the top five global industrial robot sales were China, South Korea, Japan, the United States and Germany, which accounted for three-quarters of the world's total sales.
Chart 1: Annual sales of industrial robots in the world from 2008 to 2015 (unit: 10,000 units)
Second, the international industrial robot market demand structure
The five industries of automotive, electrical and electronic, metal and machinery, rubber chemical and food and beverage industries are important application industries for industrial robots. The sales volume of the five industries is close to 80%. The automotive industry and the electrical and electronics industry are the two most important industries for industrial robot applications, with sales in both industries accounting for more than 60%. According to IFR statistics, in 2014, global industrial robots accounted for 39%, 20%, 9%, 7%, and 4% of sales in the automotive, electrical and electronics, metal and machinery, rubber, and food industries, respectively, totaling nearly 80%.
Figure 2: Distribution of industrial robot applications in the international market in 2014 (unit: %)
Third, the regional distribution of the international industrial robot market
In 2014, global sales of industrial robots were around 225,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 27%. In 2014, China was still the largest robot market, followed by South Korea, Japan, the United States and Germany, all of which were traditional manufacturing powers. The sales volume of these five major markets accounted for the total sales of industrial robots worldwide. Three-quarters of the sales in Asia account for almost two-thirds.
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