With the continuous development of technology and industrial technology, the global energy crisis is becoming more and more serious, and the shortage of traditional fuels and the environmental pollution caused by them are also increasing. At the same time, the continuous improvement and maturity of solar-based renewable energy technologies has provided a new path for solving the energy crisis. As a result, many countries are turning their attention to distributed generation with renewable energy as an energy source.
Distributed power generation technologies mainly include: photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, biomass power generation, gas turbines and tidal power generation. At present, the development of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation is mainly at home and abroad. In particular, the technology research and development and market application of photovoltaic power generation have been relatively mature.
Compared with the traditional large-scale centralized power distribution mode, the distributed generation technology has the independence, real-time control of the power quality and performance of the regional power grid, low investment, flexible installation location, short construction period and high energy efficiency. And the advantages of small environmental pollution. However, the large-scale application and access of renewable distributed energy also brings huge challenges and impacts to the traditional power grid. The reasons are as follows:
1. Distributed renewable energy has randomness and volatility, is significantly affected by its own energy characteristics, and its controllability is relatively poor.
2. The access of distributed renewable energy has changed the basic pattern of the unidirectional trend of traditional power grids. Changes in the pattern will affect the quality of power and the reliability of power supply.
Based on the above analysis, in order to reduce the adverse impact of distributed power access on large power grids, and to fully utilize energy in combination with the characteristics and advantages of renewable energy, relevant researchers have proposed a more flexible, intelligent and reliable system. ----Microgrid.
The emergence of microgrid can improve the randomness of distributed renewable energy and low access reliability. The main advantages are as follows:
1. Conducive to improving the ability of the distribution network to accept distributed energy;
2. It can effectively improve the utilization rate of distributed renewable energy and provide corresponding power quality services according to actual application requirements.
3. It can reduce the loss of distribution network and optimize the operation mode of distribution network;
4. It can guarantee the critical load power supply in the grid fault state and improve the reliability of power supply;
5. Can be used to solve the problem of electricity use in remote areas, deserts or islands;
The micro-grid incorporates advanced information technology, control technology and power technology to provide reliable power supply to meet the diverse needs of users while ensuring maximum energy, economic and environmental benefits. At the same time, the microgrid can provide grid support, energy efficiency, energy saving and other functions in the conventional power grid. Microgrid will be an indispensable part of smart grid construction. In China, vigorously promoting micro-grid technology is a concrete manifestation of the path of sustainable development. It is a strong support for China to adjust its energy structure, solve power problems in remote areas, and protect the environment.
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