Human voice is generally composed of the fundamental sound and a series of overtones. These overtones are the number of fundamental frequencies. They are called partials in physics, harmonics in electroacoustics, and harmonics in music. It has a very important influence on the characteristics of timbre. The number of these overtones and the difference in the amplitude of the overtones constitute the frequency characteristic curve of the timbre. This curve reflects the expressiveness of the timbre. For example, the lowest audio frequency of the piano is 27.5Hz, the highest audio frequency is 4186Hz, and the piano has more than a dozen overtones, its high frequency can reach 10kHz-20kHz, generally 16 overtones or 24 overtones can be measured. These overtones can be divided into low-frequency overtones, mid-frequency overtones, and high-frequency overtones. If the amplitude of the low-frequency overtone is strong, the timbre will appear thick; the amplitude of the mid-frequency overtone will be strong, and the tone will be round, natural, and harmonious; the amplitude of the high-frequency overtone will be strong, and the tone will be bright, clear, and analytical Strong.
Mixer
1. Tuning the host
The host is mostly a lady, whose voice characteristics are clear and smooth, full of expression. She can influence the emotions of the audience, so she has to improve her tone.
Whispering type: soft whispers and delicate feelings, you can pick up the sound at close range, the microphone is close to the mouth, so that you can increase the intimacy, you can pick up a thin, weak tone. The disadvantage is that there is a near-talk effect and the low frequency is too strong.
Specific treatment methods:
· To attenuate LF: Attenuate about 6dB around 100Hz, and the maximum attenuation is 10dB.
· For MID: 3-6dB at 250Hz-2kHz. 250Hz-2kHz is an important frequency band of language.
· For HF: Attenuation 3-6dB above 6KHz frequency band to reduce high frequency noise.
The host ’s microphone should not use the effects processor for reverberation (REV) and echo (ECHO) processing, otherwise it will lose its realism and intimacy.
2. Tuning of ordinary people
In the cabaret, there are some singing lovers and amateur singers, and some people are just entertainment, they mostly sing for themselves. Some of them have no basic professional training, lack of singing skills, and even have people with poor voices and microphones. Among them, male voices are prone to larynx and husky, female voices are prone to breath noise and vocal cord noise.
In order to eliminate the above phenomena, the following specific measures are adopted.
· It should be cut below 100Hz to eliminate low frequency noise and make the sound more pure;
· Attenuate a small amount at 500-800Hz, so that the sound is not too stiff;
· In the MID frequency band, it is increased by 3-6dB to enhance the brightness and make the sound clear and bright;
The average person's voice is low and lacks loudness, so the volume should be turned higher; the frequency in the range of 200-300Hz can also be increased to increase the loudness of the sound;
· The dynamic range of amateur singers is not large, do not use automatic volume control.
3. Tuning of professional singers
There are often professional singers in the cabaret, invited by friends to be guests in the cabaret, and sometimes sing two songs to cheer friends and guests. Professional singers have a loud singing voice, and they have a certain level of basic skills in vocalization, sighing, spitting, and resonance singing, and everyone has a certain singing style.
Tuning requirements:
· To understand the characteristics of the singer's timbre, network genre, high, medium and low overtone characteristics;
· To understand the singer's vocal range and dynamic range;
· Be familiar with the song and lyrics, and the basic technique of tuning should be consistent with the mood of the song;
· Pay attention to the style of the song and the singing mood of the singer;
· The grade of the microphone should be high: wide frequency response, small distortion, large dynamic.
· The actors stand on the music scene and use the sound field of the music scene to make their timbre have both electric sound and natural sound. Therefore, it is required that the music scene has good acoustic characteristics.
Female voice: Female voice is easy to produce S sound (hissing sound) in the high frequency part; it is attenuated by 3dB at 7-10KHz, which can eliminate the S sound.
Male voice: The male voice range is an 8-octave lower than the female voice, and the frequency is one octave lower, which is attenuated by about 3dB at 100Hz, which can increase the clarity.
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