Every industry and every industry has its own technical problems, and every problem requires practitioners in the industry to continuously explore and summarize experience to solve the problem. Now let's take a look at what harm can happen if a transformer leaks oil and is not handled properly.
Transformer leakage is divided into oil side leakage and gas side leakage. Oil side leakage is commonly referred to as "leakage oil". Gas-side leakage refers to the presence of gas in the transformer that communicates with the atmosphere. The characteristic of gas-side leakage is that due to the thermal expansion and contraction of the gas, breathing is formed at the oil seepage. Inhaling moisture and gases from the atmosphere, especially in rainy and foggy weather, may absorb a large amount of moisture at one time. The inhaled moisture will seriously damp the local insulation, which is enough to cause insulation accidents under normal operating voltage. Gas-side leakage does not leave traces like oil leakage, and it is not easy to be detected, so it is easy to cause accidents; and once an accident occurs, it is a transformer or bushing burning accident, which is particularly harmful.
Both types of penetration are the process of mutual penetration. The process itself means that the inner insulation is no longer isolated from the atmosphere, that is, the inner insulation is destroyed. As for the damage to the insulation strength is significantly reduced, or even the loss of insulation, but the degree of damage is more serious. It can be seen that the leakage of the transformer not only affects the appearance and image, but also directly affects the safe operation of the transformer. Therefore, the treatment of transformer leakage is an important item of maintenance.
The reasons for transformer oil leakage are as follows:
The failure of rubber seals and the cracking of welding seam transformers have many welding spots and long welding seams, while oil-immersed transformers are an aggregate of various welding and connections based on welded steel shells. Transformer oil leakage is a long-term and ubiquitous fault phenomenon, commonly known as the "big problem". According to statistics, in the transformer failure, product leakage oil accounts for about 1/4. According to the statistics of 150 transformers in operation by a power system, 90% of them have oil leakage. Some transformer oil leakage occurs during transportation, but most of them occur during operation, and some oil leakage occurs even after only a few days of operation.
The danger of oil leakage in transformers is very great, and the specific performance is as follows:
(1) Transformer oil leakage not only seriously affects the appearance, but also causes economic losses because the transformer needs to be shut down to eliminate leakage. If there are many oil stains on the ground foundation of the transformer, it may also become a fire hazard.
(2) Oil leakage will seriously interfere with the operation and maintenance personnel's monitoring and judgment of the sealing condition in the transformer oil conservator and the correctness of the indication of the oil level gauge.
(3) After the oil level is lowered due to leakage, the live connectors and switches may be operated without oil insulation, which may lead to breakdown, short circuit, burnout, and even cause equipment explosion.
(4) After the transformer leaks oil, the fully sealed transformer will lose its sealing state, which will easily make the oil-paper insulation suffer from the intrusion of external air and moisture, which will reduce the insulation performance, accelerate the aging of the insulation, and affect the safe and reliable operation of the transformer. For example, a transformer leaked moisture due to oil leakage, resulting in a water content of up to 55 μL/L in the insulating oil, its breakdown voltage was reduced to 25kV, and the winding insulation resistance was significantly reduced. It lasted for a month and caused serious economic losses. In addition, when there is damage to the seal at the top of the oil conservator, such as the bleed plug and the conductive head of the casing, or when there are blisters on the top of the oil conservator and its joint pipes, even though the oil leakage may not occur due to the high position, it may Into the rain, moisture, lead to deterioration of insulation performance, and even cause insulation breakdown, winding burning accidents.
(5) Leakage of oil reduces the oil level, which will cause the gas relay to act. Especially when the temperature drops, a decompression cavity may be formed inside the transformer, which will inhale a large amount of air and cause the light gas relay to alarm. This can lead to the misjudgment by O&M personnel that an internal fault has occurred in the transformer.
The hazards of oil leakage in the above points need to be paid attention to by every transformer equipment practitioner. Every transformer is thousands of volts, so it is not allowed to be careless.
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