For the first time, US researchers use genetically engineered living cells to make microsensors that can be made into capsules for the detection of gastrointestinal diseases.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology first genetically engineered a harmless strain of E. coli to illuminate when it encounters heme in the blood; then millions of such strains are filled into special sensors. Covered with a semi-permeable membrane. A phototransistor mounted under a strain can measure the amount of light emitted by a bacterial cell and pass the information to a microprocessor that wirelessly transmits the information to a nearby computer or smartphone. Researchers have developed an "Android" system application that analyzes the information received.
This cylindrical sensor is approximately 3.8 cm long and requires only approximately 13 microwatts of power during operation. The sensor is equipped with a 2.7 volt battery that allows the sensor to run continuously for about one and a half months.
The researchers wrote in an article published in the latest issue of Science that experiments have shown that this capsule can accurately detect gastric bleeding after it enters the body of a pig. Their next step will be to study how to reduce the size of the sensor and develop more strains that are sensitive to inflammation, ulcers and even cancer, in order to detect human gastrointestinal diseases.
Tim Lu, one of the authors of the paper, believes that patients may only need to "swallow a capsule" in a week or a month to replace traditional colonoscopy and detect early signs of cancer as early as possible.
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