In 1995, Bill Gates mentioned the Internet of Things in his book "The Road to the Future", but it did not attract widespread attention. It was not until 1999 that Professor Kevin Ash-ton from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) first proposed the concept of the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things began to enter people’s lives and achieved rapid development. It is known as the development of the world’s information industry after computers and the Internet. The third wave.
One of the important tasks of the Internet of Things is to realize the "Internet of Everything" and "Connecting Things". Currently, the applications of the Internet of Things mainly use WIFI and Bluetooth technology, which has poor data transmission quality and high power consumption. In order to solve these problems, NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things, Narrow Band Internet of Things) has emerged, and as an emerging technology in the field of Internet of Things, it is developing rapidly.
NB-IoT combines advantages in oneThe birth of the Internet is the connection between people, and the birth of the Internet of Things is the connection between people and things and things and things. The technology required for mass connection of things is much higher than that of people. To this end, the 3GPP standardization organization formulated the NB-IoT technical standard in Release 13 to respond to the current Internet of Things requirements.
NB-IoT supports the cellular data connection of low-power devices in the wide area network, which is also called low-power wide area network (LPWAN). It emerged from the demand of the Internet of Things, so it has the following four advantages for the Internet of Things:
1. Wide coverage: It has a gain of 20GB over the traditional GSM network, and the coverage area provided by a base station is 10 times that of the previous one.
2. Multiple connections: Each sector can provide 100,000 connections. Compared with the existing wireless technology, NB-IoT can increase the number of connections by 50 to 100 times.
3. Low cost: Low speed and low complexity bring low cost. In addition, the smaller the size of the same chip, the lower the cost. NB-IoT chips can be made very small, so the cost is relatively low.
4. Low power consumption: NB-IoT power-saving technologies DRX (Discontinuous RecepTIon) and PSM (Power Saving Mode), which can usually save power by reducing unnecessary signaling and not accepting paging messages in the PSM state. Ensure that the battery has a life span of more than 5 years.
Because NB-IoT has the advantages of wide coverage, multiple connections, low cost and low power consumption, it is very suitable for low-power devices and is widely used in a variety of vertical industries, such as remote meter reading, asset tracking, smart street lights, Smart trash can, etc.
At present, the construction of nearly 400,000 NB-IoT base stations across the country has gradually achieved extensive coverage across the country. And the three major domestic operators are expected to add 300,000 base stations. At the same time, many provinces and cities have begun large-scale commercial operations, especially smart water meters, smart gas meters, shared bicycles, and smart parking lots.
At the "Industrial Communications Development Conference in the First Quarter of 2018" held earlier, Wen Ku, Director of the Information and Communications Development Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, stated that in addition to the application of NB-IoT in daily life, it is also expanding in the fields of industry and agriculture. For many applications, some companies have launched products called "Niu Networking" based on NB-IoT technology, and have signed more than 1 million sets.
Major companies compete for superiorityNB-IoT is currently in a state of rapid development, and many upstream chip suppliers have resorted to "tricks" one after another, striving to gain an advantage in the real implementation of new technologies and gain the leading power.
Qualcomm:
In the face of the uncertainty of the development of the Internet of Things, Qualcomm chose a multi-mode and multi-frequency method to be compatible with both NB-IoT and eMTC, and launched the multi-mode Internet of Things chip MDM9206 that supports eMTC/NB-IoT/GSM. Foreign Intel, veteran Bluetooth chip manufacturer Nordic, 4G LTE chip manufacturer Sequans' IoT chips, and domestic module manufacturers such as ZTE IoT, Mobile Communications, and Longshang Technology all support NB-IoT/LTE-M at the same time.
Huawei:
As the promoter of the NB-IoT standard, Huawei has invested in the research and development of NB-IoT chips since 2014, focusing on the development of NB-IoT. Currently, Huawei has a number of specific NB-IOT solutions, such as smart street lighting solutions, smart parking solutions, smart water solutions, smart logistics solutions, smart building solutions, etc. Although many people believe that dual-mode chips will become the mainstream of NB-IoT chips, Huawei said that the price of Boudica 150, which Huawei launched in the second quarter of 2018, was half cheaper than last year, and the overall price dropped by 2-3 US dollars. accelerate. Therefore, it still has a great advantage in the competition.
In addition, my country's three major operators are also actively promoting the development of NB-IoT. In such a highly competitive market, it is unrealistic for one to take it all.
The NB-IoT industry is becoming more prosperousAs NB-IoT continues to be commercialized on a large scale and the areas involved continue to expand, it will open a new era of interconnection of all things and build the world's largest cellular IoT ecosystem. NB-IoT will also smoothly promote the 5G development era with the Internet of Things.
According to Cisco’s Annual Visualization Index (VNI), there will be 26 billion Internet-connected devices worldwide by 2020, of which 16 billion are Internet-of-things devices, and ultra-low power consumption, ultra-low complexity, and low-cost Internet of Things devices will Occupying more than 90% of the total IoT devices, NB-IoT technology will increasingly highlight its importance in IoT applications.
In the next step, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will further optimize and promote the network coverage of NB-IoT, improve the quality of NB-IoT use, promote the promotion of some large NB-IoT applications, and ultimately promote the prosperity and development of the NB-IoT industry.
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