The power battery is one of the core components of a new energy vehicle, and its performance and safety are of paramount importance. So how do you take the test of the power battery at low cost?
figure 1
With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the power battery field has become a battleground for major battery manufacturers. The power battery does not seem to have complicated components, but its development and application process also requires a lot of complicated and repeated testing work, and the testing process and method are diverse.
At present, there are mainly three parties (Figure 2) that need to test the power battery: battery companies, OEMs, certification bodies. First of all, battery manufacturers as power battery OEMs must pass the test to ensure battery safety from the source, battery companies should fully grasp the battery characteristics to develop appropriate application strategies. The second is the whole vehicle enterprise. The safety and new energy of the whole vehicle must cover the power battery. It is still necessary to test in the factory and before leaving the factory. The third is the certification body. The role of the certification body is similar to market regulation and standard setting. It needs to fully understand the performance limits of power batteries, safety regulations, etc. in order to establish reasonable standards to regulate and guide the market. All three parties are direct participants in the quality assurance of power batteries.
figure 2
From the perspective of battery R&D and production, the test items mainly include battery characteristics test and cycle test. From the perspective of the application, the test items mainly include performance test, life evaluation and safety test. At present, China's power battery industry standard specification mainly defines the evaluation criteria for battery performance, battery life, and safety, as well as clear test methods. In general, the significance of industry standards is still to set technical boundaries and unified evaluation standards, especially to clarify the basic requirements for safety. The specific content can refer to the following three standards:
GBT 31484-2015 Cycle life requirements and test methods for power batteries for electric vehicles
GBT 31485-2015 Safety requirements and test methods for power batteries for electric vehicles
GBT 31486-2015 Electrical performance requirements and test methods for electric vehicles
So how is the power battery integrated with the system? Figure 3 is a block diagram of the battery system, which mainly includes BCU (battery main control unit), HCU (host computer / control panel) and MMU (battery slave unit). First, the BCU receives the host computer command from the HCU through CAN1, and directly controls the total negative, positive contactor and pre-charge relay. Each group of MMU sends data to the BCU through the CAN2 bus, and the BCU performs unified management and sends the data to the HCU. The main faults of the management system include battery pack/battery unit overvoltage and undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, CAN communication anomaly, and unit control faults.
image 3
From Figure 1, we see that the entire system contains two CAN communications, then how to monitor the signals in the CAN network of the control unit? This requires the use of a dedicated CAN network message acquisition device, which is what we often call a CAN card, as shown in Figure 4. This type of CAN card is mainly portable, only single-channel CAN, obviously not suitable for power battery testing.
Figure 4
If you need to easily deal with multi-channel CAN testing, you need the following "beast", as shown in Figure 5. This CAN card with 4-way CAN can easily handle power battery testing. So how do you deal with the testing needs of battery manufacturers and OEMs for large-scale battery cells? This requires monster to play! Zhiyuan Electronics' upcoming 8-channel CAN card can simultaneously test 4 battery units; 16-channel CAN card can simultaneously test 8 battery units, CAN card industry's "Octopus", easily take down the power battery test!
Figure 5
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